What Is Atrial Fibrillation?

Research estimates show that atrial fibrillation will affect over 12.1 million Americans by 2050. Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is one of the most common types of heart arrhythmias. But is atrial fibrillation serious?

It can be if you don’t know how to stop it or prevent it. If you’ve never heard of AFib, learn more here about the signs, causes, and treatments.

What Is Atrial Fibrillation?

AFib is a heart disorder where the heartbeat is too fast, slow, or irregular. It affects the blood flow between the upper and lower chambers of the heart. The risks of an irregular heartbeat include:

Increased blood clots in the brain, lungs, and other organs
Higher chance of stroke, heart conditions, and death
Long-term heart problems
Possibility of heart failure

Untreated AFib can have extensive consequences and cause complications later in life. That’s why it’s important to learn more about the risks and dangers of AFib.

Signs of Atrial Fibrillation

For some, AFib can be a permanent and life-threatening condition. Others experience sporadic episodes that don’t affect their daily lives. If you’re feeling any of these symptoms, you might have AFib:

Heart palpitations (fluttering or pounding feeling)
Lightheadedness and dizziness
Chest pain
Trouble breathing
Shortness of breath when exercising
Body weakness
Fatigue

The signs of AFib can often come and go very quickly and without warning. Some people don’t even realize they’re experiencing these symptoms! But if you’re encountering these sensations frequently, it’s best to see your doctor.

Causes of Atrial Fibrillation

Although people without heart issues can have AFib, heart problems are the most common cause. Some of these can include:

Previous heart attacks
Congenital heart defects
Coronary artery disease
Past heart surgeries
Lung diseases
High blood pressure

Viral infections, thyroid problems, and stimulant use can also lead to AFib episodes. In addition to these causes, there is a list of risk factors. People most likely to experience AFib are those who have:

A history of heart disease
A family history of AFib
High blood pressure
Chronic illnesses (diabetes, sleep apnea, etc.)
Substance abuse issues, especially alcohol
Obesity

But the highest risk factor for AFib is age. Adults over 65 years of age are most at risk, but that’s not all. Studies have found that the chances of AFib increase with every extra year.

Treatments for Atrial Fibrillation

Treatment for AFib involves medicine and lifestyle changes. But more severe cases may lead to surgery. Studies show that most patients benefit from anti-arrhythmic drug therapies.

This medicine aims to stabilize the heartbeat and prevent abnormal rhythms. Lifestyle changes are also encouraged for patients, including:

Limiting alcohol and coffee intake
Quitting smoking
Following a healthy diet
Losing weight, if obese
Treating sleep apnea, if present
Controlling blood sugar and blood pressure

Other therapies can include devices like pacemakers or a left atrial appendage (LAA). Procedures like electrical cardioversion and pulmonary vein ablation are another option. These are often the next steps if medication and lifestyle changes fail.

Take Care of Your Heart!

Any disease that affects your heart can be serious and scary. Atrial defibrillation can have serious risks, but it’s also easily managed. Living a healthy lifestyle filled with exercise and nutritious food is a good start!

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